These shifts occurred as the total number of international migrants rose from 154 million in 1990 to 232 million in 2013 - but remained steady as a 3% share of the globe's growing population.
During this period, the US remained the largest destination country by far and increased its share of the world's migrants. One-in-five (46 million) migrants now live in the US, compared with slightly less than one-in-six (23 million) in 1990, said the study.
However, the US is not the only country to see a growth in number of migrants. All told, an estimated 160 million, or 69%, of international migrants now live in high-income countries, up from 87 million, or 57%, in 1990, the Pew Research study says
Remittances
According to the Pew Research analysis of World Bank data, the rise in the stock of emigrants from middle-income countries has been accompanied by a concomitant increase in the flows of remittances back to middle-income countries.
The share of all remittances received by today's middle-income countries has risen to an estimated 71% in 2013 from 57% in 2000. The share to low-income nations has doubled, while remaining a small proportion of the total-6% in 2013 compared with 3% in 2000. The share to high-income nations has declined, to 23% in 2013 from 40% in 2000.
The economic importance of remittances is larger in poorer countries than in richer ones. Remittances account for 8% of the gross domestic product in low-income nations, 2% in middle-income nations and less than 1% in high-income nations, according to analysis of
World Bank Data
Total remittances to low- and middle-income nations are nearly three times the amount of foreign aid to those countries, the World Bank says. Since 2009, the World Bank has recognised the importance of remittances by including them in its measure of creditworthiness, allowing nations with high remittance levels to borrow more money than they otherwise could.
The shifting patterns in the flows of both migrants and remittances have a regional as well as economic dimension. The Middle East and North America have grown as destination regions of international migrants from 1990 to 2013, as have several Western European countries. A smaller share of international migrants lives in Asia in 2013 than three decades ago. Meanwhile, the shares of international migrants living in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America have not changed markedly.
US -- most favoured destination
Despite global shifts in international migration, one constant remains: The US has the world's largest number of international migrants.
The number of immigrants in the US doubled from 23 million people in 1990 to 46 million in 2013. During this time, no other country has come close to the number of foreign-born people living within its borders. For example, second-ranked Russia had about 11 million immigrants in both 1990 and 2013 (many of whom had moved within the former USSR prior to 1990). Consequently, the US has bolstered its lead in the number of international migrants, doubling second-place Russia in 1990 and quadrupling it by 2013.
Anda sedang membaca artikel tentang
Global migrants sending $500bn home: Pew Research data
Dengan url
https://rokokkanker.blogspot.com/2013/12/global-migrants-sending-500bn-home-pew.html
Anda boleh menyebar luaskannya atau mengcopy paste-nya
Global migrants sending $500bn home: Pew Research data
namun jangan lupa untuk meletakkan link
Global migrants sending $500bn home: Pew Research data
sebagai sumbernya
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar